Skip to main content

Hematopoietic growth factors

Hematopoietic growth factors

Erythropoietin

Production

  • 1st & 2nd trimester ➵monocytes, macrophages
  • @birth ➵ by kidney (epigenetic switch)

Role

  • Proliferation & maturation of erythroid progenitors BFU-E & CFU-E

Limited by

  • Receptor expression on progenitors regulated by HIF proteins which inturn regulated by O2 tension.

Thrombopoietin

Production

  • predominantly by Liver from fetal to adult life.
  • Other organs - kidney > sm muscle, marrow cells

Role

  • Primary stimulator of megakaryocytes & platelets production
  • Promotes expansion of HSCs & progenitors cells
  • TPO Rs are expressed on HSCs, Erythroid progenitors also

Colony stimulating factors

G-CSF - neutrophil progenitors
GM-CSF - granulocyte, macrophage progenitors, macrophage
M-CSF - monocyte progenitors
SCF - primitive HSCs of all lineages
TGF-β
CSF-1 

Interleukins

IL-1 induces other cytokines production
IL-2 T - cell growth factor
IL-3 regulates stem cell growth
IL-4 regulates mast cell development
IL-5 eosinophil growth factor
IL-6 stimulates B lymphocyte growth
IL-7 principal regulator of B & T lymphocyte growth
IL-8 promotes survival of cell in response to hematopoietic cytokines
IL-9 produced by Th-2 lymphocyte, promotes growth of myeloid cells
IL-11 shares activity with IL-6, increases platelet count in pts with chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia
IL-15 stimulates NK cell proliferation
IL-21 growth & maturation of B, T & NK cells


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

IAP Guidelines on junk food and fruit juices

 Target group: 1. Infants and adolescents aged between 6mo - 18yrs. 2. Children with normal growth and nutrition. 3. Not applicable to malnourished or ill children 4. Do not pertain to commercial formulations and therapeutic diets. THE JUNCS FOODS: J - JUNK Food: "foods (packed or non-packed, processed or non-processed) which contains little or limited presence of proteins, vitamins, phytochemicals, minerals and dietary fiber but are rich in fat (saturated fatty acids), salt and sugar and high in energy (calories) that are known to have negative impact on health if consumed regularly or in high amounts." U - Ultra Processed Foods "formulations of ingredients, mostly of exclusive industrial use that result from a series of industrial processes, including fractioning of whole foods into substances (sugars, oils and fats, proteins, starches and fiber), hydrolysis or hydrogenation, food assembly, coloring and flavouring." N - Nutritionally inappropriate foods C- Caffe...
Post a Comment
Read more

Cognitive behavior therapy in pediatrics. Dec 16; 5mrks.

  CBT is problem oriented treatment centered on correcting problematic patterns of thinking & behavior that leads to emotional difficulties and functional impairments. Core components & characteristics : 60-90min session per week for 6-12 weeks Symptom measures are collected frequently Rx is goal oriented & collaborative c pt as active participant Rx is focused on changing current problematic thoughts & behaviour Weekly home work is typically assigned Focused on identifying & Changing cognitive distortions Learned helplessness Irrational fears Avoid distressing situations Practice distress reducing behavior Key tools to facilitate achieving CBT goals Self monitoring Daily thought record Self instruction Brief sentences, asserting thoughts that are comforting & adaptive Self reinforcement Rewarding oneself CBT has good quality evidence in treatment of Anxiety , Depression, OCD , Behavior disorder , substance abuse , insomnia For many childhood psychiatric di...
Post a Comment
Read more